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2013上海徐汇、松江、金山二模英语试题及答案(3)

2013-04-30 20:25 来源:范文站 人气(0) 范文站fanwenzhan.comRSS订阅 

  Starting around 1348, the plague(瘟疫) hit the continents of Europe and Asia. As a result, it killed an 50 forty million people. This disease has come to be known as the Black Death. Its victims suffered a horribly painful death 51 by fever and dying, blackened flesh.

  Although they are not certain, many historians agree that the Black Death probably originated in China and spread through trade 52 , carried by fleas (跳蚤)found on rats. Rats are very common in cities, so these areas were hit the hardest. The disease passed to humans when the fleas would jump from the rats to a human host.

  Every social group suffered from the Black Death---it was not a discriminating (有识别力的)disease. But those who lived in rural settings were sometimes 53 , as were the wealthy, who had less 54 with outsiders and could afford to move to more remote areas in an 55 to spare themselves.

  The Black Death had many long-term 56 。 Certain areas of Europe were nearly 57 after it, including some of its prosperous cities. For example, Bremen, Germany, lost almost 7,000 of its 12,000 inhabitants; Florence, Italy, lost 40,000 of its nearly 90,000; and Paris lost more than 50,000 of its 180,000. Major cities had to create mass graveyards where the dead could be buried. European population only began to 58 again in the last decades of the 15th century.

  The Black Death also brought about 59 changes. As large numbers of peasants died, there was a shortage of labor. Peasants had 60 spent generations working for the same family, but after the plague hit, they began to take advantage of the labor 61 。 Workers 62 many times their usual pay for work and would sometimes move to a new lord or noble who offered 63 incentives (刺激;鼓励) and working conditions. In this way, the Black Death caused the landowning aristocracy (贵族) to lose much of their power and social 64 。

  50. A. enormous B. evaluated C. estimated D. expected

  51. A. characterized B. reported C. specialized D. caused

  52. A. stations B. goods C. routine D. route

  53. A. infected B. spread C. spared D. included

  54. A. contact B. similarities C. exchange D. trade

  55. A. attraction B. attempt C. effect D. advantage

  56. A. consequences B. harms C. effect D. correction

  57. A. bare B. populated C. deserted D. developed

  58. A. decline B. recover C. motivate D. grow

  59. A. economic B. racial C. global D. political

  60. A. barely B. usually C. stubbornly D. previously

  61. A. boom B. growth C. shortages D. drain

  62. A. won B. charged C. offered D. sped

  63. A. higher B. better C. similar D. changing

  64. A. post B. dream C. system D. position

  Section B

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